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Opinion
Jianlu Bi

Trump’s tariffs are unmasking US economic vulnerabilities

The US approach may be aimed at reshoring jobs and revitalising domestic industries but it fails to address underlying structural challenges

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People walk past an electronic board displaying the American flag at Times Square in New York, on April 11. Photo: AFP
Jianlu Bi is a senior fellow at the Foreign Policy in Focus think tank at the Institute for Policy Studies in Washington, DC, and a research fellow at the Charhar Institute in Beijing.
The US economy’s 0.3 per cent contraction during the first quarter offers an early glimpse into the vulnerabilities being exposed by Donald Trump’s aggressive tariff policies. The downturn coincides with a notable shift in the US president’s rhetoric, moving from optimistic pronouncements of a “golden age” to warnings of fewer and pricier toys for American families.

This suggests the pursuit of trade leverage may be coming at a tangible cost to the American economy, unmasking weaknesses that were perhaps previously underestimated.

The economic contraction, revealed in the Bureau of Economic Analysis’ recent gross domestic product report, reflects a surge in imports as businesses scrambled to stockpile goods before anticipated tariffs took effect. This front-loading of imports, while seemingly a short-term boost, contributed to the economic downturn, as imports are subtracted from GDP.

Slower consumer spending isn’t helping. Fears of auto tariffs prompted Americans to spend US$790 billion on cars and vehicle parts in March – an 8 per cent increase from the month before. But economists say this momentum is waning. Some US auto retailers are reporting declining sales, indicating that the pre-tariff surge was short-lived.

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